Currently re-reading essays on Schizophrenia. There's a fair bit of biology involved too. Here's a summary:
Schizophrenia proper is distinguished by its process characteristic. It tends to pass through stages. It mostly surfaces around age 20. Prior to that, in cbildhood there are less evident, general symptoms of irritability and nervousness.
The main symptoms are autism, withdrawel, lack of emotional vitality and cold remoteness, lack of purposefulness and difficulty connecting. Symptoms then progress towards a fragmentation of co-ordination between thought, emotions and intention. The personality dis-associates and enters into conflict. The psychotic symptoms tend to be based on hallucination, such as smells and audible voices. Also paranoia and delusion may gain strength.
I don't think the psychotic symptoms need be permanent. They may arise at times but the sufferer may gain better control.
The key factor is disassociation. Schizophrenics process information by a focus on one aspect of an object at a time, rather than a collective appraisal. They generalise poorly and tend to focus on one aspect at a time. Schizophrenics may have jumpy thoughts that appear not to connect in a solid line of reasoning.
In my view, the major problem is that diagnosis and support may fail to materialise so the person affected suffers a worsening condition due to stress and social exclusion.
Without proper psychology being made available, serious issues can arise. At present, society seems far more preoccupied with more basic concerns and psychology is playing a lesser role.